Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes are widely employed in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) due to their excellent mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and hydrophobicity. This study investigates the performance of PVDF membranes in an MBR system by assessing key parameters such as transmembrane pressure, removal efficiency of organic matter a
Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors (HFMBRs) are efficient systems widely utilized in industrial processes. Their exceptional design, characterized by densely packed of hollow fibers serving as both a filtration medium and a substrate for microbial growth, enables high-performance production. HFMBRs provide several strengths, including {enhanced{ mas
Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors present a efficient platform for biological applications. These reactors utilize compactly packed hollow fibers as the separation element, offering high surface area for exchange. The design of the fibers facilitates efficient circulation of both substrate and output. Applications of hollow fiber membrane bioreacto
Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) harnessing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have emerged as a promising solution for wastewater treatment due to their high efficiency in removing both organic and inorganic pollutants. This article presents a thorough performance evaluation of PVDF membrane bioreactors, examining key factors such as permeate qua